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? 单词构成 ? 前缀 ? 词根 ? 后缀
构词法名师P184
workmate, like-minded,break
派生法(Derivation)
构词法: 合成(Compounding) 转化法(Conversion)
派生法:由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词 的方法。网上彩票最新消息
happy---happily ---happiness unhappy---unhappily ---unhappiness
一、前缀,1.否定
happy --- unhappy appear --- disappear possible --- impossible smoker --- non-smoker take --- mistake
Match A and B.
B A 常用于 unlike 不像 ;dislike 不喜欢 like un 形容词 disappear消失 appear dis 动词polite impolite没有礼貌的 开头的形容词 im b/p/m mislead误导 lead 名词necessary /动词 unnecessary不必要的 nonmis 动词advantage disadvantage缺点
non-stop不停地 stop disbelieve不相信 believe understand misunderstand误解
Check ourselves
? The boy said nothing but quietly walked disappearing (appear) in the dark. away, ____________
2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀
1)
a- 表示“在……之上”,“向……”
aboard, aside, inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间,相互” international, interaction, internet mid-, 表示“中,中间” midday, midnight, mid-autumn
2)
3)
2. 表示空间位置,方向关系的前缀
5) out-, 表示“在上面,在外部,向外” outline, outside, outward, outgoing 6) over-, 表示“在上面,在外部,超过” overhead, overboard 7) extra-, 表示“额外”
extraordinary
8) fore- 表示“在前面” forehead, foreground 9) in-, 表示“向内,在内,背于” inland,, inside,
10)
11)
under-, 表示“在…..下面,下的” underline, underground, underwater up-, 表示“向上,向上面,在上” upward, uphold, uphill(上坡)
3.表示其他意义的前缀:
1.re--“又\,再” repeat, review, return, reunite, remarry
2. co—“联合,伴同”
cooperate, coexist, co-worker 3. super—“在…上;加之” superman, supermarket
名词的常见后缀
-tion -ness -ment -er -or -ist -ant
destination sadness 常在形容词后 settlement writer actor artist servant
2.后缀:
(改变词性)
关于人的词缀: -er,(人, 动作执行者)singer, fighter, teacher Chinese, Japanese -ese(人, 语言) musician, Russian, -ian(人) artist, pianist, scientist, -ist (人,大家) conductor, visitor, professor -or (人,动作者) tion (行为,状态) invention, liberation,operati business, illness, darkness -ness (性质)
形容词:
形容词:
physical, national, political,
-al -less
-y
-ful (充满…的) useful, careful, helpful
无
fearless, useless, careless cloudy, apologize badly, sunny, dirty organize angrily, truly
动词:-ize
副词:-ly
副词要去e的:true, gentle, simple
-ing -ness -ful -ly -tive -ment -ed -ful -ist -en- -or -sive -ian -er -able -tion -ize n. v. adj. adv.
合成:
把两个或更多的词合成一个词。 合成的词构成大致有以下几种情况。 1.合成名词:
birthday roommate football blackboard white-wash dark-blue
2.合成动词: 3.合成形容词
snow-white understand safe-guard hand-made
转化活用法——适用于双性词
taste
book
n. 味道 v.尝起来
n.书籍
v.记载 n.记录
It has a good taste. It tastes very good. This book is very good. He is booking the history. He broke the record.
record
clean
He recorded something while v. 记录 reading a book. adj. 干净 Please keep tidy and clean. v.清扫 You have to clean the blackboard afte class.
Practice (II):
按括号内的要求改写下列单词
disagree rainy rain(形容词) ________ agree(反义)__________ national farm(人)__________ farmer nation(形容词)_______ recently friend(形容词)________ friendly recent(副词)________ hopeful backwards hope(形容词)_______ back(形容词)_________ visitor homeless visit(名词)__________ home(形容词) ________ eighth truth eight(序数词)________ true(名词)___________ American China(形容词)________ Chinese America(形容词)_______
With the (1)____________ development (develop) of industry, air pollution is getting more (2)________ and more serious. In Beijing, many people suffer different kinds of (3) illnesses _________(ill)because of air pollution. Air pollution is caused (4)_____ by the following reasons: about half of the problem is caused by vehicles. There are more and more cars, buses on the poisonous roads, and they give out (5)________ (poison)gases. 25%of air pollution is caused by factories. Another (6)________ ________(smoke). Smoking factor (fact) is thesmokers harm (harmful)to their not only does (7) ______ but also to others. Besides these, about health(8)_______ 10% of air (9) pollution ________ (polute)is caused by other reasons.
Homework: 名师P188
Good-bye!!